Steam-turbine.



PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

G. ZAHIKJANZ. STEAM TURBINB.

APPLICATION IILBD JULY 7| 1903.

N0 MODEL.

NO. 769,425. Patented September 6, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GABRIEL ZAHIKJANZ, OF BERLIN. GERINIANY, ASSIGNOR TO BERGMANN ELEKTRICITTS IYERKE AKTIEN(ESELLSOHAFT, OF BERLIN, GER-V MANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,425, dated September 6, 1904.

Application filed July 7, 1903. Serial No. 164,578. (No model.)

T (077 10700711/ if 711//1/3/ (10W/WM titions of each guide-cliannel inci'easing' its Be it known that I, GABRIEL ZiiiiiiiJANz, a outlet communicate togethei to equalize the 50 subject of the Emperor of Russia, anda i'esidensity and velocity of `the steam-cuii'ent; dent of Berlin, Germany, have invented eer- In the disposition described the progressive tain new and useful Improvements in Steamwidening of the guide-channels may be cai'- Tui'bines, of which the following' is a speeitiried out 'from channel to channel, as well as cation. from g'roup to group of channels. For the 55 My invention i'elates to turbines with U- sake of simplicity l preferably construct the shaped guide and i'otai'y channels adapted to guide-channels as multiples of the i'otary IO form spii'ally-coiled windings whose axis enchannels by making the liei'ipheral divisions cii'cles the turbine-axis; and it consists of of the partitions of the g'uiile-ehaiinels equal certain novel features hereinafter described to the peripheral divisions of therotary chan- 60 and claimed. nels.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying Figs. l and 2 show a steain-tui'bine of the I5 drawings, in which character described. rz is the guide-wheel;

Figure l is a sectional front view of my the rotary wheel; c, the guide-channels, steam-turbine. Fig. 2 is a sectional side and Z the rotary channels. The rotary ehan- 65 View of the same. Fig. 3 is a diagram illusnels, which are all of the saine size, all have trating the course of the driving medium. their outlets in advance of their inlets, while 2O Fig's. et, 5, and 6 show a winding' in three difthe guide-channels, which have the same peferent forms. ripheral divisions as the rotary channels,

VIn turbines 0f the nature stated the pi'ohave their outlets in the i'eai' of their inlets 7O g'ressive widening' of the steam-path is effeetat the beginning' of the series and in advance ed by progressively widening the guide-chanof their inlets at the end of the series, the

nels. This, has, however, certain practical coui'se of steam being as follows: The steam limits beyond which further widening' beenters at c and circulates lirst through single comes awkward and difficult to manufacture, rotary and guide channels, the latter having' 75 as well as disadvantageous for the eflicieney their outlets in the rear of their inlets. Havof the steam-cui'rent. ing arrived at the guide-channel j', the steam My invention has for its object to extend doubles its sectional area and flows into two this limit in a simple and effectual way. rotary channels and g'oes on circulating According' to my present invention all of through double rotary and guide channels, 30 the rotary channels have their outlets ai'- the outlets of the latter being' still in tliei'ear ranged in advance of their inlets, while the of their inlets, yet less than befoi'e. The

progressively-widening' guide-channels at the steam after ai'i'iving at the guide-channel y beginning of the series have their outlets in trebles its original sectional area and flows into the rear of their inlets and at the end of the three rotary channels and g'oes on cii'eulat- 85 sei'ies have their outlets in advance of the ining through treble rotary and lguide channels, lets, the chang'e of relative positions of inlet the lattei' having' their outlets a littlein ad- 40 and outlet being' preferably gradual through- Vance of their inlets. Having arrived at the out the sei'ies. Thus the advance of a coinguide-channel L, the steam increases its origiplete winding (consisting of guide-channel nal sectional area fourfold, flows into four and rotary channel) along' the periphery of rotary channels, and goes on circulating the turbine is at the end of the sei'ies divided through quadruple rotary and g'uide chan- 45 between the guide-channel and the rotary nels, both having' their outlets the same dischannel. To prevent eddies and to guide the tance in advance of their inlets. At the steam with precision, I partition the wider guide-channel the steam leaves the turbine. guide-channels, in which case atleast the par- Fig. 3 shows the flow of ste-ani diagrammatically, while Figs. 4, 5, and 6 illustrate a winding consisting of a rotary and a guide channel in three different forms. In all of them the rotary channel has its outlet in advance of its inlet, while the guide-channel in Fig. 4 has its outlet in the rear of the inlet, in Fig. 5 a little in advance of its inlet, and in Fig. 6 as far in advance of the inlet as the rotary channel.

The partitioning may be effected in the rotary channels as well, in which case I preferably construct and partition the guidechannels as multiples of the rotary-channel partitions. Thus, for instance, if the rotary channels consist of three partitions each the guide-channels receive first three partitions, then four, then ive, and so on. This is of special importance in large steam-turbines to avoid eddies, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to render the progress of expansion more uniform.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A turbine comprising a stationary member provided with progressively-widening guide-channels and a rotary member provided with channels adapted to register with said guide-channels and to form windings therewith, all of the rotary channels having their outlets in advance of their inlets, while the guide-channels at the beginning of the series have their outlets in the rear of their inlets, and at the end of the series have their outlets in advance'of their inlets.

2. A turbine comprisinga stationary member provided with progressively widening guide-channels and a rotary member provided with channels adapted to register with said guide-channels and to form windings therewith, all of the rotary channels having their outlets in advance of their inlets, while the guide-channels at the beginning of the series have their outlets in the rear of their inlets, and at the end of the series have their outlets in advance of their inlets, the change of position of the outlets of the guide-channels relatively to their inlets being gradual from the beginning of the series to the end.

3. A turbine comprising a stationary member provided with progressively widening guide-channels and a rotary member provided with channels adapted to register with said guide-channels and to form windings therewith, all of the .rotary channels having their outlets in advance of their inlets, while the guide-channels at the beginning of the series have their outlets in the rear of their inlets, and at the end of the series have their outlets in advance of their inlets, the wider guidechannels being partitioned for the purposes set forth.

4. A turbine comprising a stationary member provided with progressively-widening guide-channels and a rotary member provided with channels adapted to register with said guide-channels and to form windings therewith, all of the rotary channels having their outlets in advance of their inlets, while the guide-channels at the beginning ofthe series have their outlets in the rear of their inlets, and at the end of the series have their outlets in advance of their inlets, the guide-channels being' arranged in successive groups and increasing in area from group to group.

5. A turbine comprising a stationary member provided with progressively widening guide-channels and a rotary member provided with channels adapted to register with Said guide-channels and to form windings therewith, all of the rotary channels having their outlets in advance of their inlets, while the guide-channels at the beginning of the series have their outlets in the rear of their inlets, and at the end of the series have their outlets in advance of their inlets, the guide-channels being arranged in successive groups, which consist of an increasing number of channels, said channels communicating at the points where the area of the passage changes.

In testimony whereoil I have signed my name to this specification in the pre-sence of two subscribing witnesses.

GABRIEL ZAHIKJANZ.

Vitnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUTT, HENRY HAsPER. 

